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Synthetic leather and leather inner difference
Aug 16,2019
Content:
In daily testing, leather leather qualitative fabrics frequently encountered, but currently no domestic relevant identification method standard or accurate definition, cause in the audit report no accurate basis, when only judgement or habits by experience, cause logo chaos. Therefore, in the relevant identification method for determination of reasonable standard conceptually before, the synthetic leather and leather classification principle is very necessary
1 domestic related standards and documents of the definition and classification
The relevant domestic standard 1.1 definition and classification
At present, the domestic and synthetic leather related standard about a dozen, definition and classification method mainly basis for subbase materials, coating materials and production process etc. Aspects, detailed the content see table 1. These standards, only GB21902-2008 [1] for artificial leather and synthetic substrate in a clearly defined [1-12].
Synthetic leather: point to ways in artificial synthesis in weaving, non-woven (nonwoven fabric, leather and other materials) formed on the base fabric polyurethane resin membrane layer or similar leather structure, look like natural leather a material; Artificial leather: point to ways in artificial synthesis in weaving, non-woven (nonwoven cloth of the material such as yankees) without the base fabric (including PVC resin) is formed on the membrane layer or similar leather structure, look like natural leather a material
Only from definition see, basic can think of coating material leather, artificial leather for polyurethane resin coating material for PVC resin, but in standard "3.3 features production techniques and devices" appeared in "PVC leather with this conclusion instead" again. Meanwhile, in related standards, artificial leather and synthetic materials, the grassroots coating material and production methods overlapping, no specific classification principle, just related light industries are based in the standard, synthetic leather polyurethane resin for coating material, artificial leather, PVC or polyurethane resins resin for coating material.
Table 1 domestic related standard with the main difference between synthetic leather
1.2 domestic in the related literature definition and classificatio.
In China, people habits will use polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin production manufacturer called PVC leather (hereinafter referred to as artificial leather); Use polyurethane (PU) resin and traditional fabric production manufacturer called PU leather (hereinafter referred to as PU leather); With PU resin and nonwovens production manufacturer called PU synthetic leather (hereinafter referred to as synthetic leather). This is in some literature [13-16] for the classification of leather and leather is introduced. Classification is mainly to coating materials and bottom base material to differentiate: taking pu for coating material for the base fabric and nonwoven for synthetic leather criterion with PVC or, polyurethane resin for coating material for the base fabric and the traditional fabrics for artificial leather. But this classification method and the relevant standards define or classification has bigger difference.
Literature another representative classification method is China plastics processing industry association, according to professional committee of the synthetic leather, artificial leather of different raw materials into PVC leather imitationleather and PU synthetic leather. See table 2 [17]. The classification method and GB21902 - in 2008 for artificial leather and synthetic leather some definition basically is same. And other related standard definition or classification also not too much difference.
Table 2 literature classification of synthetic leather
Hence, the classification of leather and leather on the principle of GB21902-2008 shall be for the definition of the imitationleather and synthetic basis, according to China plastics processing industry association of professional committee of the synthetic leather, artificial leather and classification method according to the different raw materials into leather imitationleather and PU synthetic PVC. Namely to polyurethane resin for coating material called PU synthetic leather, with polyvinyl chloride resins for coating material called PVC leather.
2 the relevant identification methods
2.1 dissolved and infrared spectral analysis
A small piece of fabric with ethyl acetate for 20 minutes, there will be three kind of case:
(1) PU synthetic leather dissolve rise.
(2) PVC leather dissolved;
(3) half PU synthetic skin in ethyl acetate, but rose in next dissolve layer dissolve. Use stainless steel tweezers up the soluble epidermal tweezers out and placed in filter nonwovens average flat, then use infrared lamp drying (or dry), reoccupy infrared spectral analysis epidermis. Other parts can use solution NaCl salt tablet in membrane manufacture, reoccupy on NaCl salt tablet and prepared membrane do ir.
Infrared spectrometry 2.2 spectroscopy-atr technique (attenuated total reflection technology)
Using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, leather and PVC direct acquisition PU leather coating the ir spectra, by comparing the two kinds of leather infrared spectrum characteristic absorption peaks of two kinds of leather, conduct qualitative identification [14].
2.3 soaked in gasoline
Put a small piece of fabric on gasoline for half an hour, and then remove. If is PVC leather, it becomes hard, brittle, if is PU synthetic leather, it won't become hard and brittle.
2.4 combustion method burns, PVC leather will take green smoke, and PU synthetic leather just black smoke
Three conclusions
To sum up, according to relevant standards and literature, with polyurethane resin as Suggestions of coating material, called PU synthetic substrate for PVC resin coated materials, and can be called PVC leather by burning, ir, dissolve to differentiate method.
References:
[1] GB21902-2008 with the synthetic leather industry standards for pollutants discharge "[S].
[2] GB/T8948-2008 "PVC leather" [S].
[3] GB/T24248-2009 with the textile products, leather of non-woven cloth [S].
[4] FZ/T73028-2009 "knitting leather garment" [S].
[5] FZ/T64012.1-2001 spunlaced nonwovens part 1: synthetic base cloth "[S].
[6] QB/T1646-2007 "pu synthetic leather" [S].
[7] QB/T2958-2008 with the clothing of polyurethane synthetic [S].
[8] QB1230-1991 "PVC nylon cloth and artificial leather" [S].
[9] QB/T2779-2006 "vamp with PVC leather" [S].
[10] QB/T2780-2006 "vamp with pu leather" [S].
[11] QB/T4046-2010 "polyurethane superfine fibber synthetic conditions of general security technology [S].
[12] QB/T2888-2007 "polyurethane bundle superfine fibres of synthetic [S].
[13] QuPing. Our artificial leather present market situation and the existing problems and promote measures [J].journal of Chinese leather, 1996,348 (12) : 170-172
[14] YangYouGong, WangYunFa, WenChunXiang. Ir spectroscopy identification PVC leather and PU leather [J].journal of industrial textiles, 2010,233 (2) : 44-47
[15] DongLinFeng. Leather, synthetic leather, identification of renewable leather [J].journal of Inner Mongolia quality and technical supervision, 2002, (2) : 45-46
[16] ChanQing. Talk about the difference between leather and leather [J].journal of polyurethane industry, 1992, (2) : 42-43
[17] China plastics processing industry association. Our professional committee of the synthetic leather leather leather present situation and developing trend (2) [J].j plastic manufacturing, 2010, (10) : 46-52
Web posted ZhuanGao please indicate the source "China leather nets"
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